盈余管理对资本结构的影响--中国上市公司的实证分析

MM定理开创了研究现代企业融资行为和资本结构管理的先河,国外诸多学者研究表明,资产结构、公司规模、非债务税盾、成长能力、公司业绩、财务困境成本等因素影响资本结构的选择,但是上述研究都没有考虑上市公司盈余管理的影响,本文的创新之处在于研究上述影响因素的同时引入盈余管理作为资本结构的解释变量,选取中国上市公司作为样本进行实证分析,得出了中国上市公司盈余管理与资本结构负相关,资产结构与资本结构正相关,公司规模指数与资本结构正相关,非债务税盾与资本结构负相关,公司成长指数与资本结构正相关等结论.     

O-D需求估计的双层规划模型及基于灵敏度分析的求解算法

本文在考虑三种交通模式 (一般机动车,公交车,自行车)的基础上,建立了一般拥挤网络多模式OD需求估计问题的双层规划模型,给出了一个基于灵敏度分析的启发式求解算法,并进行了数值试验。试验结果表明,本文所给的模型和算法不仅能较好地给出OD需求的估计值,而且同时还给出了各模式路段流量的估计值。     

对上市公司"触网"行为的实证反思

上市公司"触网",曾是中国证券市场上令人关注的话题.那么,市场对上市公司"触网"反应之强究竟达到何种程度呢?上市公司"触网"对其经营业绩究竟有无实质性影响呢?首先,本文采用超额收益法,对我国股票市场1999年68家上市公司"触网"公告的反应进行研究.研究结果表明,市场在"触网"公告日前后具有显著正反应.继而,本文采用以财务指标为基础的因子分析法,综合评价68家上市公司"触网"前后业绩的变化,研究未发现"触网"公司整体上在"触网"前一年、当年及次年的业绩有显著变化.最后,本文采用聚类分析法,依据2000年因子得分将68家"触网"后的上市公司分为三类,揭示出三类公司的不同特征,并注意到"触网"第二年,增长型企业类占到了"触网"公司的大多数.     

供应链柔性批量订货契约研究

为实现批量订货与柔性采购相结合的目标,用一定折扣换取一定的柔性,从而实现供应链内部的协调及风险的分摊。在供应链中,从卖方角度,希望买方以稳定的(最好是不变的)订货量订货,以保证稳定的销售,减小牛鞭效应的影响,为此,卖方将对超过约定订货量的部分商品收取额外费用(或取消价格折扣);另一方面,从买方角度,由于下游不稳定的市场需求,买方希望没有约定订货量的约束,而是根据实际的市场需求在当期确定订货量。双方折中的结果是,买方必须许诺一个基本的订货量,但拥有一定次数和范围的改变订货量的机会。针对这一问题,建立了一种带柔性的批量订货契约模型,并通过仿真验证了模型能够节约订货成本,实现供应链中风险的重新分配。     

基于Dirichlet模型的品牌绩效测量实证研究

品牌绩效的测量对企业具有重要的现实意义,近年来也已成为营销研究领域的热点.本文利用固定样本组数据(panel data)对基于Dirichlet模型的品牌绩效测量方法进行了实证研究,并将该方法与传统观测法进行了比较分析.结果表明DIrichlet模型不仅可以准确预测稳定市场结构及市场环境下品牌绩效的各个指标,而且具有数据要求低、计算方便等优点,同时指出了该方法对战略及营销管理实践的意义.     

Approximation algorithm for the parallel-machine scheduling problem with release dates and submodular rejection penalties

In this paper, we consider the parallel-machine scheduling problem with release dates and submodular rejection penalties. In this problem, we are given m identical parallel machines and n jobs. Each job has a processing time and a release date. A job is either rejected, in which case a rejection penalty has to be paid, or accepted and processed on one of the m identical parallel machines. The objective is to minimize the sum of the makespan of the accepted jobs and the rejection penalty of the rejected jobs which is determined by a submodular function. Our main work is to design a 2-approximation algorithm based on the primal-dual framework.

     

关系营销范式下营销努力对客户行为的影响研究

关系营销范式日益得到理论界和实业界的认可,但却很少有研究着眼于不同关系营销努力能否对衡量关系营销绩效的不同客户行为产生一致的影响作用.本文重点研究了客户关系感知与关系营销手段--回报计划对客户重复购买行为与客户份额增加所产生的不同影响.结果显示,不同的关系营销努力对客户重复购买行为与客户份额增加所产生的影响是不一致的,情感承诺与回报计划有助于促进客户的重复购买,而客户满意感与价格公平感更容易影响客户份额的增加.     

保险需求悖论的解释——来自中国汽车险市场的实证研究

经典的保险需求模型认为绝对风险规避系数递减时保险是一个劣质品,也就是说保险需求会随着财富水平的上升而下降,但这一结论与许多现实的保险行为不符。本文从损失和财富的关系角度出发对经典模型进行了扩展,讨论了在损失随财富变化时的保险需求变化,对保险需求的悖论进行了解释。论文还采用国内汽车险市场的微观数据对拓展模型进行了实证研究,结果显示车险投保人的个人财富与其所选择的保险金额、投保比率以及索赔金额之间存在着显著的正相关关系,检验表明模型的假设和结论具有很好的解释现实的能力。     

Total coloring of planar graphs without adjacent chordal 6-cycles

A total coloring of a graph G is a coloring such that no two adjacent or incident elements receive the same color. In this field there is a famous conjecture, named Total Coloring Conjecture, saying that the the total chromatic number of each graph G is at most \(\Delta +2\). Let G be a planar graph with maximum degree \(\Delta \ge 7\) and without adjacent chordal 6-cycles, that is, two cycles of length 6 with chord do not share common edges. In this paper, it is proved that the total chromatic number of G is \(\Delta +1\), which partly confirmed Total Coloring Conjecture.     

Modeling Insurer‐Homeowner Interactions in Managing Natural Disaster Risk

The current system for managing natural disaster risk in the United States is problematic for both homeowners and insurers. Homeowners are often uninsured or underinsured against natural disaster losses, and typically do not invest in retrofits that can reduce losses. Insurers often do not want to insure against these losses, which are some of their biggest exposures and can cause an undesirably high chance of insolvency. There is a need to design an improved system that acknowledges the different perspectives of the stakeholders. In this article, we introduce a new modeling framework to help understand and manage the insurer's role in catastrophe risk management. The framework includes a new game‐theoretic optimization model of insurer decisions that interacts with a utility‐based homeowner decision model and is integrated with a regional catastrophe loss estimation model. Reinsurer and government roles are represented as bounds on the insurer‐insured interactions. We demonstrate the model for a full‐scale case study for hurricane risk to residential buildings in eastern North Carolina; present the results from the perspectives of all stakeholders—primary insurers, homeowners (insured and uninsured), and reinsurers; and examine the effect of key parameters on the results.